连接 Milvus 服务器
本主题介绍如何建立与 Milvus 服务器的客户端连接并配置常用连接选项。
前提条件
-
已安装所使用语言的 SDK。有关详情，请参阅 Python SDK、Java SDK、Go SDK 或 Nodejs SDK。
-
Milvus 服务器地址（本地默认地址：
http://localhost:19530，Proxy 端口 19530）。 -
如果 启用了身份验证，请提供 令牌 或 用户名 + 密码。令牌可以是
username:password（如root:Milvus）。有关详情，请参阅 "验证用户访问"和 "创建用户和角色"。
通过 URI 连接（禁用身份验证）
使用 Milvus 服务器地址（如 http://localhost:19530）建立连接。
- Python
- Java
- Node.js
- Go
- cURL
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client = MilvusClient("http://localhost:19530")
import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
ConnectConfig config = ConnectConfig.builder()
.uri("http://localhost:19530")
.build();
client = new MilvusClientV2(config);
import { MilvusClient } from '@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node';
const client = new MilvusClient({
address: 'http://localhost:19530'
});
import "github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2/milvusclient"
c, err := milvusclient.New(ctx, &milvusclient.ClientConfig{
Address: "localhost:19530",
})
# The RESTful API is stateless, so there is no persistent connection.
# Each request hits the server directly; the /collections/list endpoint
# doubles as a health check when you need to verify reachability.
export HOST="localhost:19530"
curl -X POST "http://${HOST}/v2/vectordb/collections/list" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{}'
使用凭证连接（启用身份验证）
提供 "username:password" 或 user 和 password 形式的 令牌。默认内置管理员为 root:Milvus （生产时可更改）。
- Python
- Java
- Node.js
- Go
- cURL
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
# Token form
client = MilvusClient(
uri="http://localhost:19530",
token="root:Milvus",
)
# Or explicit user/password
client = MilvusClient(
uri="http://localhost:19530",
user="root",
password="Milvus",
)
import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
ConnectConfig config = ConnectConfig.builder()
.uri("http://localhost:19530")
.username("root")
.password("Milvus")
.build();
client = new MilvusClientV2(config);
import { MilvusClient } from '@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node';
const client = new MilvusClient({
address: 'http://localhost:19530',
username: 'root',
password: 'Milvus'
});
import "github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2/milvusclient"
c, err := milvusclient.New(ctx, &milvusclient.ClientConfig{
Address: "localhost:19530",
Username: "root",
Password: "Milvus",
})
export HOST="localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"
curl -X POST "http://${HOST}/v2/vectordb/collections/list" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{}'
说明
令牌格式为 "<username>:<password>"。文档明确指出 root:Milvus 为默认凭据，而 创建用户和角色 指南则涉及用户管理。
配置超时
设置客户端连接的默认超时时间：
- Python
- Java
- Node.js
- Go
- cURL
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client = MilvusClient(uri="http://localhost:19530", timeout=1000) # If not set, the timeout defaults to 10s
import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
ConnectConfig config = ConnectConfig.builder()
.uri("http://localhost:19530")
.rpcDeadlineMs(1000)
.build();
client = new MilvusClientV2(config);
import { MilvusClient } from '@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node';
const client = new MilvusClient({
address: 'http://localhost:19530',
username: 'root',
password: 'Milvus',
timeout: 1000 // ms
});
// await client.listCollections({ timeout: 2000})
import "github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2/milvusclient"
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second)
defer cancel()
c, err := milvusclient.New(ctx, &milvusclient.ClientConfig{
Address: "localhost:19530",
})
export HOST="localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"
# Request-Timeout is applied per-request (unit: seconds). --max-time
# caps the total curl wall-clock so the client gives up even if the
# server never responds.
curl -X POST "http://${HOST}/v2/vectordb/collections/list" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
--max-time 7 \
-d '{}'
说明
-
对于上面列出的 SDK，该超时仅在建立连接时使用，并不作为其他 API 操作的默认超时。
-
对于 RESTful API，
Request-Timeout是以秒为单位的每个请求的截止时间（与 Java 的rpcDeadlineMs和 Node.jstimeout不同，后者以毫秒为单位），因此请在每个需要截止时间的调用中包含它。
连接到特定 Database
在构建过程中，使用 db_name 选择目标数据库。也可以稍后使用 using_database() 进行切换。
- Python
- Java
- Node.js
- Go
- cURL
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
# Set the database when creating the client
client = MilvusClient(
uri="http://localhost:19530",
token="root:Milvus",
db_name="analytics",
)
# (Optional) Switch the active database later
# client.using_database("reports")
import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
ConnectConfig config = ConnectConfig.builder()
.uri("http://localhost:19530")
.username("root")
.password("Milvus")
.dbName("analytics")
.build();
client = new MilvusClientV2(config);
import { MilvusClient } from '@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node';
const client = new MilvusClient({
address: 'http://localhost:19530',
username: 'root',
password: 'Milvus',
database: 'analytics'
});
// (Optional) Switch the active database later
// await milvusClient.useDatabase({
// db_name: 'reports',
//});
import "github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2/milvusclient"
c, err := milvusclient.New(ctx, &milvusclient.ClientConfig{
Address: "localhost:19530",
DBName: "analytics",
APIKey: "root:Milvus",
})
// (Optional) switch the active database later with:
err = c.UseDatabase(ctx, milvusclient.NewUseDatabaseOption("reports"))
export HOST="localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"
# Target a specific database by setting "dbName" in the request body.
# The RESTful API is stateless, so include "dbName" on every request
# that should run against a non-default database.
curl -X POST "http://${HOST}/v2/vectordb/collections/list" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{
"dbName": "analytics"
}'
说明
有关创建、列出和描述数据库以及更广泛的数据库管理任务，请参阅 数据库 指南。